Atelectasis (collapse of lung tissue) and post surgery?

How does atelectasis occur postoperatively? what are the causes of atelectasis after surgery? what is the effect of anesthesia and the intubation (which has elevated oxygen concentration relatively). Last question is how does mucus plug form postoperatively in the bronchi (leading to resorption atelectasis)? I will be grateful if you write all you know within details and add the sources to which you referred. Thank you in advance.
Answers:
Atelectasis may go down due to decreased inspiratory effort (inability to take a open breath) which may be due to pain, abdominal or thoracic surgery, lethargy from the sedation.
Pain control is vital to ensure that the forgiving can inspire however too much pain medication can lead to somnolence which decreases respirations. Incentive spirometry should be used to awaken deep breathing to keep the alveoli open. Nebulizer treatments of albuterol can be used additionally.
Mucus plug develops if in attendance are a lot of secretions which are not suctioned and form a plug causing collapse of the alveoli. Aggressive suctioning and nebulizer treatment can fix this. Source(s): PA surgical /trauma critical attention

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